By Gina Scinta, Deputy CTO, Thales Trusted Cyber Technologies

Has your agency begun its strategy for transitioning to post-quantum cryptography (PQC)? If you’re not fairly far along now, you’re actually a bit behind. New guidance from the administration this past March, along with a memo from the Department of War last year, is ramping up the urgency. In fact, some of the stalwart cryptographic solutions used in the federal sector will be given the axe in the next five years.

Fortunately, there are some simple steps you can follow to start gearing up for your PQC transition. We’ll address those steps in a moment, but let’s first understand the context of this increasingly pressing need for dealing with security in a post quantum world.

Cyber Strategy and the Push for Infrastructure Security

March 2026 saw the release of this administration’s Cyber Strategy for America. The strategy organizes priorities around six “pillars of action,” each of which has direct implications for both federal contractors and agency cybersecurity teams. Two of those pillars are particularly relevant to this discussion: securing critical infrastructure and modernizing and securing federal government networks.

The modernization pillar in particular calls for accelerating the adoption of cybersecurity best practices, PQC, zero-trust architecture, and the transition to the cloud. This is part of the administration’s desire to have decisions made and implemented at the agency level more quickly.

PQC is becoming essential in securing federal networks. And, the Cyber Strategy comes as the Department of War has announced prioritization of solutions using NIST- approved, CNSA 2.0-listed PQC algorithms in lieu of previously-accepted quantum resistant solutions that make use of symmetric key management protocols. The Department will cease to test, pilot, use, or procure commercial solutions using these symmetric key technologies for quantum resistance. So, for agencies and contractors still relying on any of those solutions, the clock is running.

Why the urgency? Experts project the first cryptographically relevant quantum computers could emerge as early as the next decade.

Protecting systems from the quantum computing threat can’t wait until 2030. Harvest now, decrypt later schemes involve collecting data encrypted with classical algorithms today and decrypting it once a sufficiently powerful quantum computer exists. Intelligence, personnel records, and operational communications being transmitted right now are being targeted with this in mind. This is not a future problem.

Meanwhile, past cryptographic migrations across federal landscape have taken over a decade. From a purely historical perspective, things are already behind schedule.

On top of all this guidance, it’s important to remember that NIST released its first finalized PQC standards in August 2024, and is now in the process of deprecating specific cryptographic primitive algorithms and schemes on a set schedule. Agencies that have not migrated before those cutoff dates will be running deprecated cryptography in critical systems.

A Migration Memo to the Department of War

Back in November 2025, the Department of War released a memo titled, “Preparing for Migration to Post Quantum Cryptography.” The memo was directed to senior Pentagon leadership, combat commands and field activity directors, and laid the groundwork for migrating to PQC. (This guideline memo builds on the Quantum Computing Cybersecurity Preparedness Act of 2022, which requires agencies develop a PQC transition timeline based on their assessment of how they use potentially vulnerable cryptography.)

“Advancements of Quantum Information Science (QIS) and cryptanalytically relevant quantum computers requires expedited migration to quantum-resistant cryptography to safeguard the Department’s information systems, communications, and personnel,” the November 2025 memo reads.

It goes on to say, “The migration to post quantum cryptography (PQC) must not only be planned and executed with deliberate urgency to maintain warfighter lethality and information dominance in the DoW global ecosystem, but also strategically coordinated…To achieve this level of coordination, we must identify PQC migration points of contact for information sharing and create processes for streamlining intake and prioritization of PQC solutions to support certification activities and timelines.”

The Department’s memo stresses that agencies must receive cryptographic intake and deployment approval before testing, evaluating, piloting, investing in, using, or deploying any quantum-resistant or quantum-resilient technologies. It also bans outright a set of technologies for use in providing confidentiality, authenticity, or integrity on DoD networks:

• Quantum Key Distribution (QKD)
• Solutions combining QKD with other cryptographic keys
• Quantum communications or networking
• Non-local quantum randomness generation
• Non-FIPS random number generation

Providing quantum resistance in solutions using cryptographic pre-shared keys (PSK) not provisioned through NSA Key Management Infrastructure for Type 1 devices will be sundowned on December 31, 2030. Symmetric Key Establishment, Agreement, and Distribution Protocols will be eliminated a year later, on December 31, 2031.

For future solutions, underlying technology must include crypto agility.

Crypto Agility: The Requirement Behind the Requirement

As organizations prepare for the post‑quantum era, crypto agility becomes essential—enabling systems to adopt PQC algorithms rapidly, minimize operational disruption, and remain resilient as cryptographic standards evolve. Many long‑established cryptographic programs have already internalized these principles, giving them the architectural headroom to absorb PQC’s larger key sizes and increased computational demands with minimal friction. NIST’s Cybersecurity White Paper CSWP 39 reinforces this need by detailing the tradeoffs, operational challenges, and interoperability considerations inherent in achieving true cryptographic agility.

For agencies, the actionable takeaway is clear: every modernization or procurement decision should explicitly require demonstrable crypto‑agility, ensuring that systems acquired today can adapt to tomorrow’s PQC mandates instead of becoming tomorrow’s technical debt. This shifts crypto agility from an abstract aspiration to a concrete acquisition criterion that safeguards mission longevity.

As organizations transition into the post‑quantum era, crypto agility becomes essential—enabling systems to rapidly adopt PQC algorithms, minimize operational disruption, and stay resilient against evolving cryptographic threats.

Seven Steps to a PQC Transition Strategy

So what are the steps agencies must take in developing their PQC transition strategy? There are seven:

• Awareness
• Inventory technology/prioritize systems
• Automate crypto discovery
• Automate inventory
• Set up a PQC test environment
• Practice crypto agility
• Apply quantum key generation and implement quantum-resistant algorithms

Let’s take a quick look at each step.

Awareness. Your transition strategy is a top-down initiative. Leadership must be fully aware of the challenge: not only the risks, but the specific actions required to meet them. The harvest now, decrypt later threat means that PQC migration isn’t a future budget line, it’s an active operational risk.

Inventory cryptographic technologies and prioritize high-risk systems. The Office of the National Cyber Director (ONCD) provided specific instructions to federal agencies on inventorying their cryptographic systems. ONCD directed agencies to submit prioritized cryptographic inventories by May 2023. For many, unfortunately, that was a paper exercise. A manual process is less precise than one using available electronic tools, and your cryptographic footprint has grown since that submission.

Automate crypto discovery. Crypto inventory is not a one-time task. Organizations continuously create new cryptographic instances across their environments. Automated discovery is the only practical way to maintain an accurate picture. You cannot migrate what you have not mapped.

Automate discovery and inventory. Multiple vendors offer automated cryptographic discovery tools. Assess what is available and match tools to your environment. Automated tooling surfaces cryptographic dependencies that manual processes miss entirely.

Set up a PQC test environment. Now that the NIST standards are finalized, it is time to upgrade your environment for testing. As previously noted, PQC algorithms generate larger keys, and the performance impact of those larger keys could affect your systems in ways you had not anticipated. Test before you deploy at scale.

Practice crypto agility. Supporting both classical and PQC algorithms simultaneously is what makes an organization crypto agile. Devices and platforms being procured today must be capable of this. If they are not, you have to begin modernizing those systems now.

Apply quantum key generation and implement quantum-resistant algorithms. The foundation of encryption is the quality of the cryptographic keys. Organizations should leverage a quantum random number generator (QRNG) to produce high-quality entropy as the basis for all keys and cryptographic operations. Encryption solutions must use the standardized NIST PQC algorithms, or be crypto-agile with a clear and near-term upgrade path to them.

The administration’s Cyber Strategy, the Department of War phase-out deadlines, and the NIST deprecation schedule all point in the same direction: Cryptographically dangerous quantum computers are coming, and the threat is real.

Agencies should plan their transition strategies now work. Automate your crypto discovery, stand up a PQC test environment, require crypto agility in new procurements, and prioritize migration on your highest-risk systems first.

Industry has been working on this for years. Agencies need to close the gap.

About Thales TCT

Thales Trusted Cyber Technologies, a business area of Thales Defense & Security, Inc., protects the most vital data from the core to the cloud to the field. We serve as a trusted, U.S. based source for cyber security solutions for the U.S. Federal Government. Our solutions enable agencies to deploy a holistic data protection ecosystem where data and cryptographic keys are secured and managed, and access and distribution are controlled.

For more information, visit www.thalestct.com

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The post Transitioning to Post-Quantum Cryptography: What Federal Agencies Must Do Now appeared first on Intelligence Community News.

Tan brings decades of experience building and scaling the foundational technologies that underpin modern computing. Before his 2025 appointment as CEO of Intel, he previously served as chief executive officer of Cadence Design Systems, where he transformed the company into a global leader in electronic design automation—the software and tools used to design the world’s most advanced chips. Across his career as an executive, investor, and board member, Tan has played a central role in shaping the modern semiconductor ecosystem. He has served on numerous public and private boards, serves as Chairman of Walden International, and is a founding managing partner of Walden Catalyst Ventures and Celesta Capital.

Tan’s appointment to the PsiQuantum board of directors comes as the company drives toward building the world’s first utility-scale, fault-tolerant quantum computers and continues to advance and scale its silicon photonics platform.

“I’ve known the PsiQuantum team for many years as an investor and have followed their progress closely as they’ve built one of the most compelling and differentiated approaches in quantum computing,” said Tan. “The technology they’ve developed is exceptional, and their focus on fault-tolerant systems that can be manufactured at scale using the semiconductor industry sets them apart. I’m excited to join the board and support the team as they work to bring this technology to the world.”

Tan’s board appointment follows the appointment of semiconductor industry veteran Victor Peng as interim chief executive officer, as well as co-founder Jeremy O’Brien’s transition into the role of executive chairman. Peng previously served as President of AMD and as CEO of Xilinx, where he led the company’s transformation into a leader in adaptive computing and through its acquisition by AMD.

“Lip-Bu has an exceptional track record of leading and guiding technology companies from start-ups to large public companies,” Peng. “As we advance our technology and begin deployment of utility-scale, fault tolerant quantum computers, his insights on high performance computing, advanced manufacturing, ecosystems, and customer adoption will be invaluable.”

“From day one, PsiQuantum has taken the long-term view that quantum computing must be built by leveraging the semiconductor industry,” said O’Brien. “Lip-Bu’s experience scaling technologies, companies, and global ecosystems will help accelerate our path to delivering on that vision and it’s fantastic to have a long-time supporter officially join our board.”

Source: PsiQuantum

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This latest agreement, totaling $7.5 million and supported by funding from the State of Maryland’s Capital of Quantum Initiative via the University of Maryland Economic Development Corporation (UMEC), builds on the strategic partnership first announced in September 2024.

“Our longstanding partnership with the University of Maryland meets the need to accelerate access to advanced quantum computing, quantum networking capabilities, and talent development,” said Niccolo de Masi, chairman and CEO of IonQ. “IonQ’s collaboration with UMD reflects our commitment to Maryland’s ‘Capital of Quantum’ initiative, as we broaden QLab to include quantum networking, hardware upgrades, and deeper collaboration with its researchers.”

“This expanded agreement strengthens the QLab as a premier testbed for quantum networking and computing and deepens opportunities for our faculty and students to work hands-on with industry-leading systems,” said University of Maryland President Darryll Pines. “Building on our strong relationship with IonQ through the QLab is critical to advancing discovery, developing talent and reinforcing Maryland’s position as the Capital of Quantum.”

This next step in the ongoing collaboration deepens IonQ’s integration with UMD researchers and students, positioning QLab as a leading testbed for next-generation quantum technologies, including quantum networking and memory systems – specifically, the first deployment of IonQ’s silicon vacancy (SiV)-based quantum memory node. This industry-leading infrastructure will complement existing UMD efforts, such as the Mid-Atlantic Region Quantum Internet (MARQI) network, across multiple areas of quantum technologies.

Source: IonQ

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This investment marks a pivotal expansion of Escape Velocity’s venture portfolio into the quantum ecosystem, building upon the firm’s proven track record of backing high-impact dual-use technologies, which includes its previous investment in SilverThread, a Cambridge, Massachusetts-based enterprise software modernization firm and Bit Flips a Denver based fintech firm. Diffraqtion is recognized for its groundbreaking work utilizing quantum imaging to bypass the traditional limits of classical optical systems. Their proprietary technology enables imaging at unprecedented resolutions and speed-of-light compute, offering critical capabilities for national defense, space domain awareness, and advanced intelligence gathering.

“The Escape Velocity mission is to identify patriots and innovators and accelerate the development of transformative technologies that are vital to U.S. national security interests,” said JP Parker, CEO at Escape Velocity. “Diffraqtion isn’t just improving how we see the world; they are fundamentally redefining the boundaries of optical physics and edge compute. We are thrilled our venture arm is supporting their journey as they transition from revolutionary research to critical national security applications.”

The capital infusion will be used to accelerate Diffraqtion’s product development timeline, expand their engineering team, and facilitate the launch of their first commercial-grade quantum sensor suite for both government and commercial deployment.

“Partnering with Escape Velocity provides us with more than just capital; it provides us with a strategic ally that deeply understands the national security landscape and the nuances of scaling deep-tech,” said Johannes Galatsanos, CEO of Diffraqtion. “This investment ensures that our quantum cameras can be rapidly integrated where they are needed most, especially next-generation intelligence systems that are vital to national security.”

Source: Escape Velocity

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Together, the companies will help federal agencies accelerate quantum-safe cryptography readiness by implementing autonomous cryptographic posture management with Post-Quantum Cryptography (PQC) implementations to prepare for the post-quantum era.

“As the Department of War’s (DoW) recent memorandum makes clear, the migration to post quantum cryptography is an urgent national security priority that begins with comprehensive cryptographic discovery and inventory, aligned with OMB Memorandum 23-02 and CNSS Policy 15,” said Jim Sortino, CRO of ISARA. “As the quantum computing security threat becomes more imminent, enterprises and agencies are moving from reactive defense to proactive resiliency in order to comply with U.S. cryptographic modernization mandates.”

ISARA, in partnership with Carahsoft, will enable DoW components and U.S. federal agencies to quickly gain visibility into their cryptography so they can move with confidence toward quantum resistant solutions, crypto agility and architectural validation.

The partnership aligns with the government’s growing emphasis on quantum readiness and supports efforts to enhance ZTA plans by safeguarding national digital infrastructure and mission-critical systems from emerging threats. It combines ISARA’s expertise in cryptographic risk management and quantum-safe enablement with Carahsoft’ expertise in cybersecurity, large-scale technology transformation and Federal mission operations.

Through ISARA’s partnership with Carahsoft, federal agencies will gain access to a full suite of quantum readiness services, including cryptographic inventory, assessments, prioritization through cryptographic posture management, roadmap development, quantum-safe operational technology (OT) enablement, PQC implementations and crypto-agility solutions, the companies said.

“Together with ISARA and our network of reseller partners, we can help our federal clients proactively defend against future-state risks while modernizing their cybersecurity infrastructure in alignment with evolving federal mandates,” said Brian O’Donnell, vice president of cybersecurity solutions at Carahsoft. “We’re providing a practical, phased approach to quantum readiness, one that helps agencies manage cryptographic risk today and strengthen their security for tomorrow.”

Source: Carahsoft

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“By integrating IonQ’s world-leading quantum technologies, Heven AeroTech will deliver a new class of unparalleled UAS capabilities,” said Niccolo de Masi, chairman and CEO of IonQ. “This partnership positions Heven’s drones to tackle missions no other player can with unmatched precision, resilience, and security.”

Founded in 2019, Heven AeroTech is a Virginia-based company that pioneered the use of hydrogen fuel cell propulsion in aerial vehicles, enabling its drones, like the Heven Z1, to fly up to 600 miles for more than 10 hours. Unlike traditional electric or fossil fuel drones, Heven’s systems combine long-endurance flight with advanced autonomy and renewable energy-powered stealth capabilities, positioning the company as a trailblazer in aerial robotics.

The partnership unlocks IonQ’s deployment of quantum technologies in real-world aerospace scenarios while providing Heven AeroTech access to cutting-edge quantum capabilities that further differentiate its offerings in defense, intelligence, and aerospace markets.

“IonQ’s quantum technologies are a natural fit for our hydrogen-powered aerial platforms,” said Ben Levinson, founder and CEO of Heven AeroTech. “This partnership enables us to push the boundaries of endurance, autonomy, and security in ways previously thought impossible. Together, we’re building a new generation of uncrewed systems that can thrive in contested environments and deliver critical capabilities for the missions that matter most.”

As part of the partnership, Jordan Shapiro, president and general manager of IonQ’s Quantum Networking, Sensing & Security division, will join Heven AeroTech’s board of directors. The move reflects IonQ’s growing leadership in applying quantum innovation to next-generation defense platforms.

Source: IonQ

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QBI aims to determine which quantum computing approach will reach utility-scale, and which modalities can deliver value on realistic budgets and real-world timelines. Stage B marks a critical phase in this program, where DARPA will conduct an intensive, year-long examination of organizations’ comprehensive development, scaling, and cost control strategies. During this phase, Xanadu will present its plans that outline how to realize a fault tolerant, utility-scale quantum computer, detail associated risks and mitigation strategies, and set forth the steps needed to address any technical challenges.

“Advancing to Stage B is a testament to our team’s ability to execute on our practical path to commercially useable quantum computing and validates not only the photonic modality, but also our commitment to creating fault tolerant quantum computers by 2029,” said Christian Weedbrook, CEO of Xanadu. “This phase allows us to demonstrate our near-term capabilities and our vision for building quantum computers that can help enterprises solve real-world problems at scale. We’re excited to enter the next stage and contribute to the broader quantum computing ecosystem.”

According to the company, Xanadu’s photonic quantum computing architecture offers distinct advantages over traditional quantum systems, including minimal cooling requirements due to room-temperature operations, enhanced qubit connectivity that enables more efficient fault tolerant operations, and a modular, networkable design that is critical for achieving practical quantum computing. Xanadu’s latest photonic quantum computer, Aurora, serves as a proof-of-concept for this approach, providing the fundamental building blocks needed for large-scale, error-corrected quantum computing.

Source: Xanadu

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Booz Allen and SEEQC will work to solve the core engineering challenges that currently exist in quantum computing, such as detecting and addressing computational errors, saving energy, and scaling the devices so that clients can leverage full-scale quantum computers sooner.

The collaboration will integrate Booz Allen’s quantum software into SEEQC’s software stack. This integration is intended to accelerate the development of the first large-scale quantum computer. The teams will work together to build the software and firmware that bridges the classical and quantum components of SEEQC’s full-stack chip technology.

“The moment for whole-of-nation quantum innovation and investment is now. Our national security and global standing depend on it,” said Bill Vass, chief technology officer at Booz Allen. “Booz Allen’s work with SEEQC this year will allow us to provide mission-ready quantum solutions to our clients more quickly, and this expanded partnership will strengthen our ability to build the solutions that will bring the U.S. one step closer to realizing its quantum potential.”

For more than a decade, Booz Allen has been committed to Quantum Information Science & Technology (QIST) and has worked with its clients to bring quantum technologies—including quantum computing and quantum-resistant encryption—to current missions. SEEQC, founded in 2018, has focused on building the infrastructure to integrate control and readout electronics with the qubit chip to form full-stack quantum processors.

“We are excited to deepen SEEQC’s collaboration with Booz Allen to ensure that the U.S. is leading the charge on a global scale,” said John Levy, CEO of SEEQC. “Combining our reliable digital chip-based quantum hardware with Booz Allen’s long-standing expertise in quantum software, we are equipped to unlock potential, turning quantum innovation into practical solutions for our clients at speed and scale.”

“Harnessing the power of quantum computing requires not only cutting-edge technology but national focus and resourcing,” said JD Dulny, vice president and leader of Booz Allen’s quantum practice. “Booz Allen’s expanded partnership with SEEQC will bolster our problem-solving power, foster innovation, and make a lasting impact across critical U.S. national missions.”

Source: Booz Allen

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With the IDQ acquisition, IonQ’s product portfolio now includes IDQ’s quantum key distribution (QKD) systems, quantum random number generators (QRNGs), and single-photon detectors. The addition of nearly 300 granted and pending patents from IDQ brings the total number of patents IonQ controls to over 900, solidifying its intellectual property leadership in quantum technologies. IonQ and IDQ will continue to deliver the same trusted products, services and support that IDQ customers rely on.

“The acquisition of IDQ expands upon IonQ’s significant advantage in the quantum networking market and positions us as the global powerhouse for secure compute and communications,” said Jordan Shapiro, president and general manager, quantum networking at IonQ. “By combining IonQ’s high-performance quantum computing and networking capabilities with IDQ’s expertise in quantum-safe communications and quantum detection systems, we are well-positioned to deliver comprehensive quantum solutions that address our customers’ critical needs and serve as the foundations for the Quantum Internet.”

IDQ’s technologies have been deployed for quantum-safe networks worldwide, including national projects in Singapore and South Korea, and international initiatives within the European Union’s quantum communications infrastructure. The company’s single-photon detection systems are also integral components to the development of scalable quantum computers.​

“This acquisition marks a pivotal moment for the future of quantum networks,” said Grégoire Ribordy, co-founder and CEO of IDQ. “By joining IonQ, we’re combining decades of innovation in quantum-safe security and quantum detection systems with world-leading quantum computing capabilities to support our customers globally.”

Source: IonQ

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“We believe this partnership is key to accelerating government adoption of quantum, as it opens up access to annealing quantum computing now available through Carahsoft’s contract vehicles,” said Lorenzo Martinelli, chief revenue officer at D-Wave. “We anticipate this partnership will increase visibility, accessibility and adoption of our solutions with U.S. government and public sector entities, enabling them to harness powerful, commercial-grade quantum technology today to serve our country’s interests.”

D-Wave provides measurable value to government agencies, national labs, systems integrators, and organizations serving the public sector through its annealing quantum computing systems, software and services. Customers can leverage D-Wave’s technologies to create quantum and hybrid quantum applications that help address a variety of public sector priorities, including national defense, intelligence, emergency response and management, energy reliability and resilience, and infrastructure optimization, while also facilitating critical research in areas such as materials science.

Through this partnership, D-Wave and Carahsoft will co-market D-Wave’s comprehensive solutions to the public sector through Carahsoft’s reseller network. These solutions include real-time access to the D-Wave Advantage quantum computing systems through the Leap quantum cloud service, workforce training programs to upskill current public sector employees, and specialized support from D-Wave’s professional services team to develop applications for specific public sector use cases.

“As agencies face increasingly complex optimization challenges, we believe it is critical that they leverage advanced quantum solutions to tackle these problems,” said Troy Meraw, program manager for quantum technologies at Carahsoft. “By partnering with D-Wave and working with our reseller partners, we can provide government agencies with access to real-time quantum solutions that could help address national priorities, from defense to infrastructure optimization.”

Source: Carahsoft

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